Hepatitis is an infection caused by the hepatitis virus which comes in a number of different varieties. The two most important viruses are hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV). All hepatitis viruses target the liver and cause inflammation which can lead to permanent liver damage if not treated, most commonly in the form of cirrhosis (scarring of the liver). Hepatitis also increases your risk for developing liver cancer.
Symptoms of acute and chronic hepatitis may include:
- Nausea
- Fatigue
- Fever
- Pain in muscles or joints
- Jaundice
- Dark colored urine
- Weight loss
Note that in many cases chronic hepatitis remains undetected for years since it is frequently asymptomatic.
The following tests are used to diagnose B and hepatitis C, and to evaluate for possible complications it may cause:
- Clinical examination
- Blood tests: Those infected with hepatitis have elevated levels of hepatitis-specific antibodies in their blood. These antibodies are produced by the immune system as a way to fight the hepatitis virus. A blood test can also identify the specific form of hepatitis you may have.
- Ultrasound: An ultrasound scan uses high frequency sound waves to create images of the inside of the body. It is often used to evaluate the structural integrity of the liver and can be used to detect signs of hepatitis, liver damage, and liver malignancy.
- CT Scan or MRI scan: A computerized tomography (CT) scan combines a series of X-ray images taken from different angles around the body and uses computer processing to create cross-sectional images (slices) of the tissues of interest. MRI scan uses magnetic resonance without ionizing radiation to generate images taken from different angles around the body and uses computer processing to create cross-sectional images (slices) of the tissues of interest. These images can be used to evaluate liver health and to identify any abnormalities.
- FibroScan: A FibroScan is a medical instrument that uses ultrasound waves to diagnose liver disease. FibroScan is the newest technology that doesn’t involve a needle, the risk of complications or pain. The results are immediate and show the evolution of the health of your liver.
Further information on hepatitis B
Further information on hepatitis C
